In Mexico, the use of herbs with healing properties is very old and to this day has become a common practice. The leaves or flowers are generally used and sporadically, the stem and root, consumed directly, in infusions or in homeopathic presentation, but the commercialization and their indiscriminate use can put them in danger of extinction.
Despite the investigations that have been carried out, in most cases, the chemical active ingredient related to the beneficial effects attributed to these plants is unknown.
Next, we will talk about six medicinal plants known and used by the Mexican population, which have been recommended to treat diseases such as diabetes, as well as burns, wounds and stomach problems, among others.
Arnica
There are two species: heterotheca inuloides or Mexican arnica and Arnica montana L., which are used to treat inflammatory conditions, as well as to treat bruises, sprains, rheumatic problems, wounds, bruises and pain. The presence of fatty acids in arnica oil favors the penetration through the skin of bioactive and anti-inflammatory compounds. This plant has been shown to activate cells of the immune system including neutrophils - cells that attack harmful bacteria.
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Peppermint
The most common and popular species is M. spicata, due to its aroma characteristics, this plant is used in various foods and to flavor industrial products including breath fresheners, antiseptics, mouthwashes, and toothpaste. Due to its medicinal properties it is used in the treatment of nausea, vomiting and gastrointestinal disorders.
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Chamomile
It is one of the oldest known medicinal plants, there are two varieties: German chamomile or Chamomilla recutita and Roman chamomile or Chamaemelum nobile. Its infusions are used to treat conditions such as fever, inflammation, muscle spasms, menstrual disorders, insomnia, ulcers, wounds, gastrointestinal disorders, rheumatic pain and hemorrhoids. The oil that is extracted is used in cosmetics and aromatherapy. Studies have also been carried out to evaluate the anticancer effect of this species, focused on pre-clinical models for skin, prostate, breast and ovarian cancer.
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Stevia
Native plant of the Monday river valley in the plains of Paraguay, there are more than 154 species, but S. rebaudiana is the only one with sweetening properties thanks to steviosides that are 143 times sweeter than sugar. Stevia leaves are used as a sweetening agent in general, also, for their medicinal properties, reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type II diabetes and protect against kidney and liver damage, in addition to presenting therapeutic effects against various diseases such as cancer, hypertension, inflammation, cystic fibrosis, obesity and tooth loss.
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